Explore the map of Nagaland, located in northeastern India, spans an area of 16,579 square kilometres and is home to approximately 2.2 million people. The state is renowned for its vibrant tribal culture, with 16 major tribes, each with distinct traditions and languages. Kohima, the capital, and Dimapur, the largest city, are key urban centres. Nagaland is known for its scenic landscapes, including the Naga Hills and Dzukou Valley, and its rich biodiversity. The Hornbill Festival, celebrated annually, showcases the state's cultural heritage. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, with rice, maize, and pulses being the primary crops.
Explore the Nagaland district map showing the 12 districts, district headquarters and capital of Nagaland state in India.
List of Districts of Nagaland
S.N.
District
Seat
Established
Population (Total)
Population (Rural)
Population (Urban)
Area (km²)
Elevation (m)
1
Dimapur district
Dimapur
1997
378,811
180,942
197,869
927
145
2
Kiphire district
Kiphire
2004
74,004
57,517
16,487
1,130
896
3
Kohima district
Kohima
1957
267,988
146,900
121,088
1,463
1,444
4
Longleng district
Longleng
2004
50,484
42,871
7,613
562
1,066
5
Mokokchung district
Mokokchung
1957
194,622
138,897
55,725
1,615
1,325
6
Mon District
Mon
1973
250,260
215,816
34,444
1,786
655
7
Noklak district
Noklak
2017
59,300
59,300
0
1,152
8
Peren district
Peren
2004
95,219
81,429
13,790
2,300
1,445
9
Phek district
Phek
1973
163,418
138,843
24,575
2,026
1,524
10
Tuensang district
Tuensang
1957
196,596
159,822
36,774
2,536
1,371
11
Wokha district
Wokha
1973
166,343
131,339
35,004
1,628
1,313
12
Zunheboto district
Zunheboto
1973
140,757
113,160
27,597
1,255
1,852
Districts of Nagaland
Nagaland, a state in northeastern India, is divided into 16 districts, each with its unique cultural and geographical characteristics. These districts collectively contribute to the state's rich diversity and dynamic socio-economic landscape.
Kohima
The capital district, Kohima, is known for its historical significance and natural beauty. It is home to the Kohima War Cemetery, commemorating soldiers of World War II, and the annual Hornbill Festival, which showcases the state's cultural heritage. The district has a population of approximately 270,000 people and is a hub for administrative and educational activities.
Dimapur
As the largest city and commercial hub of Nagaland, Dimapur is a key district. It hosts the state's only airport and is an important centre for trade and industry. With a population of around 379,000, Dimapur is also a melting pot of various cultures and communities. The district's economy is driven by commerce, agriculture, and small-scale industries.
Mokokchung
Known for its vibrant Ao Naga culture, Mokokchung is a significant district both culturally and economically. With a population of approximately 193,000, it is a centre for education and traditional crafts. The district is also noted for its festivals and rich cultural traditions.
Mon
Located in the northeastern part of Nagaland, Mon district is home to the Konyak tribe, known for their unique customs and traditions. The district has a population of around 250,000 and is renowned for its traditional festivals and crafts. Mon's economy is primarily agrarian, with a focus on shifting cultivation.
Tuensang
One of the largest districts in Nagaland, Tuensang is inhabited by several tribes, including the Chang, Sangtam, and Yimchunger. With a population of approximately 196,000, the district is known for its cultural diversity and traditional practices. Agriculture is the mainstay of the local economy.
Wokha
Wokha district, with a population of around 166,000, is predominantly inhabited by the Lotha tribe. The district is known for its fertile land and agricultural productivity, particularly in the cultivation of rice, pineapple, and oranges. Wokha also celebrates several traditional festivals that highlight its rich cultural heritage.
Zunheboto
Home to the Sumi Naga tribe, Zunheboto district has a population of approximately 140,000. The district is known for its lush landscapes and traditional festivals. Agriculture is the primary occupation, with the cultivation of rice, maize, and vegetables being prominent.
Phek
Phek district, with a population of around 163,000, is inhabited mainly by the Chakhesang and Pochury tribes. The district is noted for its scenic beauty, including the picturesque Shilloi Lake. Agriculture is the main economic activity, with terrace farming being widely practised.
Kiphire
Located in the southeastern part of Nagaland, Kiphire district has a population of approximately 74,000. It is home to the Sangtam, Yimchunger, and Sumi tribes. The district's economy is primarily based on agriculture and livestock rearing.
Longleng
Longleng, with a population of around 50,000, is inhabited mainly by the Phom Naga tribe. The district is known for its rich cultural traditions and handicrafts. Agriculture is the primary occupation, with rice and vegetables being the main crops.
Peren
Peren district, with a population of approximately 94,000, is inhabited by the Zeliang and Kuki tribes. The district is known for its diverse culture and traditional festivals. Agriculture and horticulture are the main economic activities.
Noklak
The newest district in Nagaland, Noklak, was carved out of Tuensang district and has a population of around 47,000. It is home to the Khiamniungan tribe and is known for its traditional crafts and festivals. Agriculture is the mainstay of the local economy.
Chümoukedima
With a population of approximately 90,000, Chümoukedima is known for its educational institutions and rapid urbanisation. It is an emerging urban centre with significant potential for commercial and residential development.
Tseminyu
Tseminyu district is inhabited mainly by the Rengma tribe and has a population of around 40,000. It is known for its scenic beauty and traditional festivals. Agriculture is the primary economic activity.
Niuland
Niuland, with a population of approximately 42,000, is known for its diverse culture and traditional practices. The district's economy is primarily agrarian, with a focus on rice and vegetable cultivation.
Shamator
Shamator, the smallest district in terms of population, has around 26,000 inhabitants. It is home to the Yimkhiung tribe and is known for its rich cultural heritage. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy.
Nagaland
Nagaland, nestled in the northeastern corner of India, spans an area of 16,579 square kilometres. Established as the 16th state of India on 1 December 1963, it shares international borders with Myanmar to the east and domestic boundaries with Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Manipur. According to the 2011 Census, Nagaland's population stands at approximately 1.98 million.
Geography and Climate
The state's terrain is predominantly mountainous, with the Naga Hills forming a significant part of its landscape. Mount Saramati, reaching 3,841 metres, is the highest peak and demarcates the border with Myanmar. Nagaland experiences a monsoon climate, with heavy rainfall from May to September and mild winters. The Dzukou Valley, known for its diverse flora, and the Shilloi Lake are notable natural landmarks.
Demographics
Nagaland is home to 16 major tribes, including the Angami, Ao, Konyak, Lotha, and Sumi, each possessing distinct languages and cultural practices. These tribes constitute over 86% of the state's population. Christianity is the predominant religion, followed by around 88% of the people, making Nagaland one of the three Christian-majority states in India. The literacy rate is commendable, standing at 80.11%, with male literacy at 83.29% and female literacy at 76.69%.
Culture and Festivals
The cultural heritage of Nagaland is showcased through its vibrant festivals, traditional dances, and handicrafts. The Hornbill Festival, held annually in December in Kisama near Kohima, brings together all tribes to celebrate their traditions. Traditional music, colourful attire, and indigenous games form an integral part of this festival. Handicrafts such as weaving, wood carving, and metalwork reflect the artistic skills of the Naga people.
Economy
Agriculture is the backbone of Nagaland's economy, engaging over 70% of the population. The primary crops include rice, maize, millet, pulses, and oilseeds. Jhum cultivation, a form of shifting agriculture, is traditionally practised, though efforts are ongoing to promote sustainable farming methods. The state also has potential in horticulture, with products like pineapples, oranges, and passion fruit. Handloom and handicrafts contribute to the economy, with the government encouraging these sectors through various initiatives.
Infrastructure and Urban Centres
Kohima, the capital city, serves as the administrative heart of Nagaland, while Dimapur is the commercial hub. Dimapur houses the state's only airport and is connected by railway, facilitating trade and connectivity. Road networks are developing to improve access to remote areas, with National Highway 29 being a significant route linking the state to Assam and Myanmar.
Biodiversity
Nagaland boasts rich biodiversity, with tropical and sub-tropical forests covering much of its area. The Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary and the Intanki National Park are home to species like the Hoolock Gibbon, Blyth's Tragopan, and the Clouded Leopard. Conservation efforts have led to a significant increase in the population of the Amur Falcon, with Nagaland hosting one of the largest congregations of this migratory bird.
Tourism
The state's natural beauty, cultural heritage, and festivals attract tourists from India and abroad. Sites like the Kohima War Cemetery, commemorating soldiers of World War II, and the historical village of Khonoma, known for its conservation efforts, are popular destinations. Adventure tourism, including trekking and camping in the Dzukou Valley, is gaining momentum.
Challenges and Development
While Nagaland has made strides in education and infrastructure, challenges persist in terms of economic development and employment. The government, in collaboration with central agencies, is implementing schemes to promote entrepreneurship, skill development, and sustainable agriculture. Peace initiatives have also been pivotal in stabilising the region and fostering growth.
History
Nagaland, a state in northeastern India, has a rich and complex history marked by its unique cultural heritage and political developments. The history of Nagaland is a testament to the resilience and adaptability of its people, who have navigated significant changes from ancient times to the modern era.
Ancient and Medieval Periods
The early history of Nagaland is primarily shaped by its indigenous tribes, each with distinct traditions, languages, and social structures. The Naga tribes have lived in the region for centuries, maintaining a largely independent and self-sufficient way of life. The lack of written records from this period means much of what is known is derived from oral traditions and archaeological evidence.
British Colonial Era
The British East India Company first came into contact with the Naga tribes in the early 19th century during their expansion into northeastern India. The region's rugged terrain and fierce resistance from the local tribes delayed full British control until the late 19th century. The area was gradually brought under British administration, and by 1881, the Naga Hills district was formally established as part of British India. The colonial period was marked by sporadic conflicts between the Naga tribes and British forces, as well as efforts by Christian missionaries to convert the local population. These missionaries played a significant role in the region, leading to the widespread adoption of Christianity, which remains the predominant religion in Nagaland today.
Struggle for Independence and Statehood
Following India's independence in 1947, the Naga National Council (NNC) emerged, advocating for Naga sovereignty. In 1951, the NNC conducted a plebiscite where the majority of Nagas voted for independence from India. This led to a prolonged period of insurgency and conflict between Naga separatists and the Indian government. To address these tensions, the Indian government established the Naga Hills Tuensang Area (NHTA) in 1957, which provided limited autonomy to the region.
However, the demand for full statehood persisted, culminating in the formation of Nagaland as the 16th state of India on 1 December 1963. This was achieved through the State of Nagaland Act, 1962, which aimed to bring political stability and integration with the Indian Union. Kohima was designated as the state capital, and the first state elections were held in 1964.
Post-Statehood Era
Despite achieving statehood, Nagaland continued to experience political unrest and demands for greater autonomy. The Shillong Accord of 1975 attempted to bring peace, but dissatisfaction among certain factions led to the formation of the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN) in 1980, which furthered the insurgent activities. Ongoing peace negotiations and ceasefire agreements have marked the post-statehood period, with significant efforts from both the Indian government and Naga leaders to achieve a lasting resolution to the conflict.
Cultural Revival and Modern Developments
In recent decades, Nagaland has witnessed a cultural revival, with efforts to preserve and promote its rich heritage. The Hornbill Festival, inaugurated in 2000, has become a significant event showcasing Naga culture, attracting visitors from across India and beyond. The festival, held annually in December, celebrates traditional music, dance, crafts, and cuisine, fostering unity and pride among the Naga tribes.
Economically, Nagaland has made strides in improving infrastructure, education, and healthcare. The state's natural beauty and biodiversity have also positioned it as a potential hub for eco-tourism. Initiatives to promote sustainable agriculture and handloom industries are ongoing, aiming to boost local livelihoods and economic growth.
Geography
Nagaland, located in the northeastern part of India, is renowned for its picturesque landscapes and diverse geographical features. The state covers an area of 16,579 square kilometres and shares international borders with Myanmar to the east, as well as domestic boundaries with Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Manipur.
Topography and Landscape
Nagaland's terrain is predominantly mountainous, with the Naga Hills and the Patkai Range traversing the state. The highest peak is Mount Saramati, standing at 3,841 metres above sea level, which forms a natural barrier between Nagaland and Myanmar. The state's landscape is characterised by lush green valleys, dense forests, and numerous streams, making it a region of immense natural beauty.
Rivers and Water Bodies
Several rivers and tributaries flow through Nagaland, contributing to its rich natural resources and agricultural potential. The principal rivers include the Doyang, Dikhu, Dhansiri, and Tizu. These rivers are crucial for irrigation, hydropower generation, and as sources of potable water for local communities. Shilloi Lake, located in Phek district, is a prominent natural lake surrounded by picturesque hills, adding to the state's scenic beauty.
Climate
Nagaland experiences a monsoon climate with significant variations due to its topography. Summers are generally warm and humid, while winters are cool and pleasant. The state receives heavy rainfall during the monsoon season, from May to September, with an average annual rainfall ranging from 1,800 to 2,500 millimetres. This rainfall supports the state's lush vegetation and agriculture.
Flora and Fauna
Nagaland is home to a rich diversity of flora and fauna, owing to its varied climate and topography. The state has dense forests, which include tropical and sub-tropical forests, providing habitat to numerous plant and animal species. Notable wildlife includes the Hoolock Gibbon, Blyth’s Tragopan (the state bird), the Great Indian Hornbill, and various species of deer, elephants, and tigers. The Intanki National Park and Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary are significant protected areas that contribute to the conservation of the state's biodiversity.
Agriculture
Agriculture is the backbone of Nagaland’s economy, with the majority of the population engaged in farming. The state's fertile valleys and favourable climatic conditions support the cultivation of rice, maize, millet, pulses, and vegetables. Traditional Jhum cultivation (shifting agriculture) is widely practised, although efforts are being made to promote more sustainable farming methods. Nagaland also has potential for horticulture, with crops like oranges, pineapples, and passion fruit being cultivated.
Urban and Rural Areas
Nagaland's urban centres include Kohima, the state capital, and Dimapur, the largest city and commercial hub. Kohima is known for its scenic beauty and historical significance, while Dimapur serves as a key trade and transportation centre. The state's rural areas are characterised by traditional villages, each with unique cultural practices and community-based living.
Tourism and Natural Attractions
Nagaland's natural beauty and cultural heritage make it an attractive destination for tourism. The Dzukou Valley, located on the border of Nagaland and Manipur, is famous for its seasonal flowers and trekking routes. The Japfu Peak offers panoramic views of the surrounding hills and valleys. Additionally, the state’s numerous festivals, such as the Hornbill Festival, attract tourists from across the world, providing insights into Naga culture and traditions.
Challenges and Development
Despite its natural beauty and resources, Nagaland faces challenges related to infrastructure development and connectivity. The state's hilly terrain makes transportation and communication difficult, although efforts are underway to improve road networks and develop sustainable infrastructure. Initiatives to boost eco-tourism, agriculture, and handicrafts are part of the state's development strategy, aiming to enhance livelihoods and economic growth.
Demographics
Nagaland, situated in northeastern India, has a population of approximately 1.98 million people, as per the 2011 Census. The state is renowned for its ethnic diversity, with a vibrant mix of tribes and cultures contributing to its unique demographic profile.
Ethnic Composition
Nagaland is home to 16 major tribes, each with its distinct language, customs, and traditions. The prominent tribes include the Angami, Ao, Konyak, Lotha, Sumi, and Tangkhul. These tribes collectively account for over 86% of the state's population. The tribal communities are known for their rich cultural heritage, which is evident in their traditional dances, music, festivals, and crafts.
Languages
The official language of Nagaland is English, used for official communication and education. Each tribe has its own language or dialect, with Nagamese, a creole language based on Assamese, serving as the common lingua franca among the different communities. This linguistic diversity reflects the state's complex cultural mosaic.
Religion
Christianity is the predominant religion in Nagaland, with about 88% of the population adhering to various Christian denominations. The Baptist denomination is the largest, followed by Roman Catholics, Revivalists, and Pentecostals. The widespread adoption of Christianity is a result of extensive missionary work during the 19th and 20th centuries. A small percentage of the population practices Hinduism, Islam, and indigenous animist beliefs.
Literacy and Education
Nagaland boasts a relatively high literacy rate of 80.11%, with male literacy at 83.29% and female literacy at 76.69%. The state places a strong emphasis on education, with numerous schools, colleges, and vocational institutions providing quality education. Notable institutions include Nagaland University, which offers a range of undergraduate and postgraduate programmes, and the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Nagaland.
Urban and Rural Population
The population of Nagaland is predominantly rural, with around 71% of the people living in rural areas. The urban population, constituting about 29%, is concentrated in cities like Dimapur, Kohima, and Mokokchung. Dimapur, the largest city, serves as the commercial hub and gateway to the state, while Kohima, the capital, is the administrative and cultural centre.
Gender Ratio
The gender ratio in Nagaland is favourable, with 931 females for every 1,000 males, according to the 2011 Census. Efforts to promote gender equality and empower women are ongoing, with various government and non-governmental initiatives focusing on education, healthcare, and employment for women.
Health and Life Expectancy
Healthcare facilities in Nagaland are improving, with the government investing in hospitals, clinics, and primary health centres. Life expectancy in the state is around 69 years, with concerted efforts to address health issues such as maternal and child health, communicable diseases, and access to healthcare in remote areas. The Nagaland State AIDS Control Society is one of the key agencies working to combat HIV/AIDS in the region.
Economic Activity
The economy of Nagaland is primarily agrarian, with over 70% of the population engaged in agriculture. The main crops include rice, maize, millet, and pulses. Traditional shifting cultivation, known as jhum, is widely practised, though there is a gradual shift towards more sustainable agricultural practices. Handicrafts, handloom, and small-scale industries also play significant roles in the state's economy.
Migration and Employment
Migration from rural to urban areas is a growing trend in Nagaland, driven by the search for better employment opportunities and living standards. The state government is focusing on skill development and vocational training to enhance employability and reduce unemployment rates among the youth.
